Through more efficient processes and optimally operating emissions abatement systems harmful emissions and greenhouse gases can be reduced. Nitrogen oxides and ammonia are harmful to the environment and toxic to humans. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/science/nitric-acid, National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubChem - Nitric Acid, The Essential Chemical Industry Online - Nitric Acid, nitric acid - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Aluminum Production. This is the main reason why nitric acid is produced in such large quantities. It is also used for making explosives such as nitroglycerin and TNT. Quality assurance is closely connected to the EU Standards EN 14181 and EN 15267 (QAL1), and in this article we will look into the details of QAL3, which can now be done a lot easier, thanks to our new continuous mercury monitoring system CMM AutoQAL with an EN 15267 certified, integrated and automatic QAL3 Validation Tool. Our Calcmet software then calculates the concentrations of each gas in the sample based on the characteristic absorption. The complexities of QAL (Quality Assurance Level) procedures for continuous emissions monitoring equipment and the EU Directives behind them can be cumbersome to grasp for any emissions monitoring operator. 1963. Cement Production Among the special features which make this possible are: Ammonium Nitrate Solution. Nitric acid (HNO 3) is a colorless, liquid acid widely used in the manufacturing of explosives and fertilizers.When dissolved in water, molecules of nitric acid separate (or dissociate) into hydrogen ions (H +) and nitrate ions (NO 3).The fact that nearly every nitric acid molecule dissociates is what makes nitric acid a strong acid. Continuous Emissions Monitoring System (CEMS II e), stationary FTIR emissions monitoring systems, Continuous Emissions Monitoring System CEMS II e, Multicomponent capability – measure multiple gases simultaneously, Adding new gases is easy – no need for hardware changes, Emission monitoring systems are available with performance approvals (TÜV, MCERTS), A portable FTIR analyzer allows you to take the lab to the site, Simple and low-cost calibration – Gasmet’s analyzers do not need any span or re-calibrations, only zero calibration with nitrogen needed, > Industrial Emissions Monitoring & Suitable Technologies, > WI BAT Conclusions for waste incinerators and co-incinerators, > LCP BAT Conclusions for large combustion plants, > Gasmet’s Solutions for Emissions Monitoring. It can be unhealthy to the environment if it is deposited into water sources, as it promotes the growth of algae that can deoxygenize water and harm aquatic life. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Save 50% off a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Nitric acid decomposes into water, nitrogen dioxide, and oxygen, forming a brownish yellow solution. The production process of nitric acid produces nitrogen oxides (NOx), ammonia (NH3) and nitrous oxide N2O emissions. “Influence of Operating Pressure on Nitric Acid Production Costs,” Paper prepared for the Conference on the Development of the Fertilizer Industry in Asia and the Far East, United Nations Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East, November 18-December 2. Nitric acid is manufactured from ammonia and is a key chemical in the manufacture of fertilizers. Ammonium Sulphate Nitrate. Weak Nitric Acid (Dual Pressure and MonoPressure Processes). During the second step, the nitrogen dioxide that was formed is absorbed in water. It is toxic and can cause severe burns. Read on to find out more about the new device, and QAL3 in general. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Compliance Measurements Updates? Learn more about FTIR and continuous emissions monitoring in our free Emissions Monitoring Handbook. Polyurethane: insulation, foams, paints. Being a TÜV and MCERTS certified solution with an integrated and automatic QAL3 validation tool, this is a truly unique CMM solution on the market. Waste Incineration NPK (using Urea, Ammonium Nitrate, Sulphuric Acid and/or Phosphoric Acid). Nitric Acid in Fertilizers. 1.2. An FTIR analyzer works by simultaneously scanning an entire infrared spectrum. Nitrous oxide, commonly called laughing gas, is a strong greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change. Nitric acid is manufactured from ammonia and is a key chemical in the manufacture of fertilizers. Gasmet App lets you access our vast IR spectrum library of over 400 compounds, use Dewpoint calculator and Combustion calculator and make unit conversions. The fertilizer industry uses weak nitric acid in the range of 50 to 65% strength and thus the high concentration (above 70% weight) nitric acid production process is not included. Of this 96% is used to make ammonium nitrate and calcium ammonium nitrate. Nitric acid is most commonly produced by Ostwald process. It is a strong acid, completely ionized into hydronium (H3O+) and nitrate (NO3−) ions in aqueous solution, and a powerful oxidizing agent (one that acts as electron acceptor in oxidation-reduction reactions). Cleaning products for the agro-food industry. The caustic, colorless liquid is typically produced on an industrial scale using highly specialized chemical processes and equipment. In 1776 Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier showed that it contained oxygen, and in 1816 Joseph-Louis Gay-Lussac and Claude-Louis Berthollet established its chemical composition. The good news is that growing global demand for fertilizers with nitrogen as an active ingredient is expected to boost the demand for nitric acid. As the name might suggest, this robust Continuous Mercury Monitoring system comes with a test gas generator including automatic EN 15267 certified QAL3 validation tool. Google Scholar. As you can see, I have that blue stuff as well. Gasmet manufactures portable FTIR gas analyzers and stationary FTIR emissions monitoring systems for chemicals industry. When it is combined with hydrochloric acid, an element called aqua regia is formed. The preparation and use of nitric acid were known to the early alchemists. Premium Membership is now 50% off! I redid the experiment performed by NurdRage but I could not post as a video response. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The resulting acid-in-water solution (about 50–70 percent by weight acid) can be dehydrated by distillation with sulfuric acid. Nitric acid is produced in concentrations from 53% to 69% and can be used in many different applications: Chemistry of nylon 6.6 (artificial fibres, plastic parts for cars). We are very excited to announce that Gasmet’s new Mercury monitoring solution CMM AutoQAL has now launched! The production process of nitric acid produces nitrogen oxides (NOx), ammonia (NH3) and nitrous oxide N2O emissions. Uses in Daily Life. Raw Gas Measurements These measurements can be used to control and develop processes and emissions abatement systems.
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